Conference Agenda

The arrival of Level 2 (L2) and Level 3 (L3) of automated driving places new demands on driving behavior, yet drivers who have been accustomed to manual driving do not seem to be adequately prepared. Therefore, to improve driving safety, this study constructs a model of safe driving behavior via investigating key scenarios of automated driving. Initially, 11 key driving scenarios at the L2 and L3 levels were identified through literature research; Furthermore, five automated driving experts were invited to grade the importance of the scenarios through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Additionally, their safety recommendations for each scenario at L2 and L3 levels were analyzed using Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA). Finally, a model of drivers' safe behavior under L2 and L3 conditions was constructed based on the above outcomes. The results of this study can not only guide the cultivation of drivers' driving habits, but also provide test scenarios with human-machine co-driving perspectives for the development of automated driving.

Shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) present a new challenge for design engineers and policymakers aiming to enhance urban mobility and achieve sustainability. Despite the growing interest in SAVs, the role of vehicle design in their adoption remains understudied. This study adopts a transdisciplinary approach, viewing vehicle design as a complex system influenced by various factors such as societal needs and market acceptance. By applying structural equation modelling within the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework, we assess how interior and exterior design elements influence user adoption. A total of 313 valid survey responses were collected for analysis. The results show that both interior and exterior design elements positively influence users’ hedonic motivation, effort expectancy, performance expectancy, and price value. However, safety risks act as barriers to SAV usage, with no clear correlation with perceived design quality. This study also conducted a comparative analysis across gender, driving experience, transportation mode, and anticipated scenarios. Overall, this study provides valuable empirical insights into the role vehicle design plays in shaping user acceptance of SAV services, providing a fresh viewpoint advocating the integration of strategic design elements to expand the potential of urban transportation systems.

Autonomous vessels are expected to solve various problems in the maritime industry and society, such as reducing marine accidents and the shortage of seafarers. It is necessary to understand their emergent behaviour to validate their equivalent safety as existing systems and involve various stakeholders to build consensus for their implementation into society. In this study, we proposed a multi-layered model-based approach to clarify the relationship among industrial systems, navigation systems, and component system performance and to design the concept of autonomous vessels, traffic rules, and industrial policies in an integrated manner. The industrial model explores the appropriate decision-making set for maritime stakeholders and presents possible introduction roadmaps. The operation model evaluates the performance of subsystems and surrounding infrastructure to achieve safety goals. The figure of merit for autonomous vessels is defined as the degree of load reduction based on three axes: tasks to be automated, degree of automation, and coverage of the operational design domain, which can link these models. We conducted a study using the proposed method targeting coastal shipping in Japan. Through a combination of decision-making by the industrial stakeholders, such as deregulation, subsidies, reductions in insurance premiums, and openness of knowledge, it found that autonomous navigation may be implemented by 50% or more by 2040. Furthermore, by evaluating scenario coverage using the operation model, we quantitatively discussed the subsystems and navigation rules necessary to achieve this goal, verifying the proposed method's effectiveness.

This study introduces a human-centered and transdisciplinary engineering-centered "4D" design model, comprising Discovering Service Touchpoints, Defining Service Sore Points, Depicting User Experience, and Design Idea Development phases, which are based on service encounter discovery and peal-end rule. The systematic travel experiment involving 30 volunteers across six city tours was conducted to analyze user behaviors and needs. Emotional change curves are utilized to optimize peak and end of travel experiences. The findings validate the 4D model for redefining service encounters and leveraging the peak-end rule for the improvement of public transport services.