HEIs must frequently adapt broad, varied emergency management policies to deal with the scope of emergencies and disasters that can occur in on-campus settings. Fires, earthquakes, floods, and some of the most common natural disasters possess the capacity for losses of life and property, with the potential to effectively disrupt and damage a university community. Artificial crises, such as cybersecurity threats, CBRN hazards, protestors and campus shootings, among others, also pose a severe danger to life and property; to preemptively reduce or prevent the severity of emergencies, universities must coordinate and implement policies to effectively eliminate unnecessary risks' and decrease potential losses.
Incidents vary among Acontinents, and it is worth examining the threats perceived by European, American, Japanese and other Universities and considering the steps these institutions may take to protect their communities from harm.
HEIS need to have a well-designed plan of procedures to respond to emergencies. These response plans provide the entire campus with specific guidelines to properly prepare, respond, and recover from emergencies. The University as an organization, including facility members, students, staff, and suppliers, should all be familiar with the plan's procedures and use it as a quick reference for effective action.