Conference Agenda

.

.

methodology for cadastral error identification

Incomplete land reform, weak administration & management, and prohibition of land sales restrict agricultural productivity and investment in Ukraine, with some 10 mn. ha the state controlling 25% of land. With EU support. the Bank has been supporting transparency and better land governance. This helped develop broader support to inventory and register state land, develop land use planning, and competitively auction lease or ownership rights to increase local revenues and enhance investments.

...

Can we solve our housing crisis and increase mobility through infill and next generation technology? As a case study, we evaluate the housing potential along El Camino Real, the 45-mile roadway through the heart of Silicon Valley and examine the potential of next generation transit. We dig deep into the costs and benefits of infill housing, revealing critical energy, water, transportation, and cost challenges. We also looked at how new innovations in transit and mobility such as Autonomous Rapid Transit (ART) technology can support growth along El Camino and countless corridors like it across the country. We discovered that 250,000 new dwellings are possible on the low density commercial land lining the boulevard and that enhancing a typical BRT system with Autonomous Buses can reduce operation costs by 48% and increase average speeds by 27%.

..

.

.

.

.

A variety of approaches to delineate metropolitan areas have been developed. Systematic comparisons of these approaches in terms of the urban landscape that they generate are however few. Our paper aims to fill this gap. We focus on Indonesia, and make use of the availability of data on commuting flows, remotely-sensed nighttime lights, and spatially fine-grained population, to construct metropolitan areas using the different approaches that have been developed in the literature. We find that the maps and characteristics of Indonesia’s urban landscape vary substantially depending on the approach used. Moreover, combining information on the metro areas generated by the different approaches with detailed micro-data from Indonesia’s national labor force survey, we show that the estimated size of the agglomeration wage premium depends nontrivially on the approach used to define metropolitan areas.

When the populations of cities grow, they can be accommodated within the existing footprints of cities or in newly-built expansion areas. Urban planners, have called for the densification of existing footprints, but there has been little data to measure the extent to which densification has been effective. Using a new dataset, a global stratified sample of 200 cities of 4,231 cities that had 100,000 people or more ind 2010, we explore the share of the populations added to cities between 1990 and 2015 that were accommodated in areas built before 1990, and compare it with the share accommodated in expansion areas built between 1990 and 2015. We also explore the extent to which the built-up areas in pre-1990 footprints increased in density, and the extent t to which vacant areas within pre-1990 footprints were built upon. We then seek to explain why some cities densified while others expanded.

Reliably monitoring global urbanization is of key importance to properly estimate the distribution of the continually expanding population, along with its effects on the use of resources, transport, socioeconomic development, human health, etc. To this purpose, in order to accurately outline the actual settlement extent globally we generated the World Settlement Footprint (WSF) 2015 , i.e. a 10m resolution binary mask derived by jointly exploiting multitemporal optical and radar satellite imagery, which outperforms all other existing similar layers. Furthermore, to characterize the urbanization occurred in the last three decades, we are currently generating the WSF Evolution, i.e. a novel dataset aimed at outlining the growth of settlement extent globally at 30m spatial resolution and high temporal resolution (i.e., 5-year or even finer) from 1985 to 2015. The WSF Evolution will be released in 2019 and is expected to become a revolutionary product in support to a variety of end users.

This paper examines how urban expansion can be managed in a way that achieves more equitable access to core urban services for the under-served, while bringing wider economic and environmental benefits to cities. It presents new remote sensing analysis of the growth in urban built up area over a decade in 499 cities with population greater than one million and develops new metrics to measure changes in their outward and upward growth. The analysis highlights regional trends in urban expansion, differences in urban structure within and between cities, and combines this information with urban population and economic growth projections. The paper then discusses some driving forces for outward expansion, highlighting key equity challenges of the phenomenon in cities of the global South. We argue that while some urban land expansion is inevitable with increasing urbanization, the pace, scale, and nature of this expansion can be managed through some proven strategies.

European Land Registry Association is developing an amazing project regarding the interconnection of european land registries. The name of the project is IMOLA (Interoperability MOdel for Land Administration). The development of the project is based on a complex methodology ment to maximize the knowledge acquired. A standardised structure of information is already available (ELRD - european land registry document).

The project is perfectly aligned with LRI (Land Registries Interconnection) project of the European Commision.

Land Registry in Chile is governed by statutes dating back to the 19th century. The Civil Code of 1855 called for the creation of regulations on a system of property records and, on June 24, 1857 with the enactment of the Regulations on the Land Registry that mandate was brought to fruition. And yet, both the Code and the Regulations were representative of an era far different from modern times. An opportunity for an upgrade arose in 1943 in the context of new regulations on Notaries and Land Registrars enacted along with the Organic Court Code that year. Unfortunately, however, the existing shortcomings were not corrected at the time. As a result, there is no doubt that current regulations require an overhaul to bring them up to modern standards.

Really, The Land and Poverty conference presents the latest research and innovations in policies and good practice on land governance around the world.

Following this trend, I wanted to give a brief presentation to you all from the “Registry of Real Estate Ownership” (RETIR) in Spain. Its purpose is to learn who is behind corporations and it can be an important instrument in the fight against poverty, ensuring that investments made in a determined country are used effectively for their intended purposes and are not fraudulently misused at the hands of people, through the creation of interposed societies.

It deals with, definitively, a bet of transparency.

The implementation of Business Registers Interconnection System (BRIS).

Main aspects of Directive 2012/17/UE and the Regulation (EU) 2015/884, regarding interconnection of central, commercial and companies registers.

Also refer to Directive (EU) 2017/1132 of the European Parliament and of the Council, relating to certain aspects of company law.

Accessibility to the European e-Justice portal.

Within the scope of the “Area of Freedom, Security and Justice”, the Decision 2008/615/JHA incorporates into the legal framework of the European Union the substance of the so-called Prüm Treaty on the stepping up of cross-border cooperation.

Administrative and technical provisions for the implementation of Decision 2008/615/JHA (above), aiming the automated exchange of information, in particular, the vehicle registration data, by the use of the European Vehicle and Driving Licence Information System (EUCARIS).

Overview of the main aspects of EUCARIS accessibility and content of information displayed.

...

.

Using a unique application of the self-financing land readjustment technique, planners in Ahmadabad, India created an outer ring road to address transportation challenges and to supply developable lands in fringe areas of the city with much-needed infrastructure and developable real estate. This idea is diffusing to other growing cities. This paper presents a case study of an outer ring road project in Surat, India. Surat in addition to the techniques of land pooling (LP) and land readjustment (LR) to create space for the outer ring road’s right-of-way (ROW) and other infrastructure, will also incorporate FAR bonuses -- additional incentive to create greater urban density along the ring road and thus enhance the financing of road. This case study presents opportunities for planning professionals who face the challenge of supplying infrastructure and addressing transportation deficiencies in financially constrained, and rapidly growing cities, especially those in developing countries.

In Malaysia, land laws are governed by the National Land Code (NLC) 1965. There are rules and restrictions imposed by the NLC 1965 which control and guide the property development. Uniquely, the implementation of the NLC 1965 is different in each state and state has govern on land matters, such as the application of conversion, sub-division, partition or amalgamation. In Johor, the state authority was implementing surrender and re-alienation mechanisms, as part of property development approval. This paper discusses on process and procedures, practices and some key challenges of the mechanism. The unique process has contributes fruitful significance for sustainable property development industry.

Amaravati, the greenfield capital city of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India undertook one of the largest land pooling schemes in the world, wherein 28,000 farmers voluntarily pooled over 34,000 acres of land to develop a city designed to host a population of 3.5 million by 2050. The land owners received a benefit sharing package comprising of a reconstituted urban plot, social and economic benefits. While in peri-urban areas and redevelopment projects, the land value appreciation is rather directly discernible due to the presence of economic activity in the adjoining urban agglomerations, land value capture in a large land pooling exercise for a greenfield development remains unprecedented. This paper attempts to critically examine the challenges in land value capture and innovative measures adopted by the Authority in aspects of market speculation, density, infrastructure spread, affordability, connectivity and peripheral development.

Land pooling can be an effective strategy for public infrastructure projects, especially in small but growing cities where rural-to-urban transition gives rise to greenfield development. This paper outlines a model comparing outcomes of land acquisition and land pooling; reviews the literature on the negative effects of land acquisition on displaced households; and evaluates land pooling using original data from 1200 households in four Local Area Plans (LAPs) in southern Thimphu, Bhutan. Land prices in the LAPs increased, due in part to additional public services but in large part to a rise in urbanization over time. Land pooling participants benefited from increased land prices but not all were satisfied with the quality of works, particularly in terms of a lack of maintenance, nor with the consultation, planning and building phases. The case study has implications for government and multilateral development bank policy for land pooling and similar mechanisms for planned urbanization.

This paper revisits the inverse farm size-productivity relationship in Kenya. The study makes two contributions. First, the relationship is examined over a much wider range of farm sizes than most studies, which is particularly relevant in Africa given the recent rise of medium- and large-scale farms. Second, we test the inverse relationship hypothesis using three different measures of productivity including profits per hectare and total factor productivity, which are arguably more meaningful than standard measures of productivity such as yield or gross output per hectare. We find a U-shaped relationship between farm size and all three measures of farm productivity. The inverse relationship hypothesis holds on farms between zero and 3 hectares. The relationship between farm size and productivity is relatively flat between 3 and 5 hectares. A strong positive relationship between farm size and productivity emerges within the 5 to 70 hectare range of farm sizes.

Although inverse farm-size productivity relationship is a recurring evidence in the literature of agricultural production in sub-Saharan Africa, almost all the empirical applications use data from smallholder agriculture. This paper aims at contributing to the ongoing debate by investigating the relationship over a large variation of farm sizes for major crops commonly grown by small, medium and large farms in Ethiopia. The analysis is further expanded to value of output and some measure of “profit” depending on availability of input prices (e.g., for family labor). The wide variation in farm size allows us to assess the effect of farm heterogeneity arising from level of mechanization which requires contiguous piece of land. We use data from two rounds (2014 and 2016) of smallholder panel household survey (less than 10 ha) and two rounds (2014 and 2015) large and medium panel commercial farm survey (10 ha and above).

A decade after the global commodity price boom led to a wave of land acquisition in developing countries (and foreigners have given way to locals), the extent to which such investment can act as a catalyst for structural transformation (and by implication policies to maximize such effects) remain poorly understood. Combining a smallholder survey with data on ‘emergent’ farmers shows that mechanization and substitution of purchased inputs for labor allows the latter to outperform small producers. Smallholder farmers located close to emergent farmers who provide traction services to neighbors benefit from spillovers in terms of access to traction, fertilizer use and land productivity. Policy implications of the fact that positive spillovers remain local and limited to ‘small’ emergent farmers are drawn out.

To explore if the focus on household-based samples characteristic of most studies of the inverse farm-size productivity relationship (IR) affects results and policy recommendations, we complement household survey data from Malawi with a representative survey of estates. For a wide range of specifications, a strong IR between area operated and yield disappears if profits valuing family labor at market rates are used. An IR at farm level holds irrespectively of the sample but disappears at plot level for estates, supporting the notion of imperfections in labor market that affect smallholders disproportionately being at the root of the relationship. For corporate estates, the IR for yield disappears and a significant negative relationship between farm size and labor use per ha emerges.

tbd

The CLGE, NSPS and FIG proposes to intensify the efforts amongst their members in the field of professional ethics.

We recommend to emphasize the professional ethics during the whole of 2019. One pertinent action would be to organize the World Bank Round Table in this field.

CLGE suggests three short papers about the subject with the aim to spark the discussion during a subsequent Round Table:

- Worldwide, Regional and local initiatives to regulate professional ethics

- Professional ethics under pressure, how to cope with technical developments

- Ethics, from theory to practice

Curtis Sumner, NSPS executive director, USA

Jean-Yves Pirlot, CLGE director general, European Union

Maurice Barbieri, CLGE president, Switzerland

tbd

.

.

..

..

..

.

..