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Spatiotemporal optical vortices: advances and mysteries
Miguel Ángel Porras
Technical University of Madrid, Spain
The amount of transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) carried by the spatiotemporal
optical vortices (STOVs) is being hotly debated. In this contribution I unveil the mystery of the amount of total, intrinsic and extrinsic transverse OAM carried by STOVs. They do not carry any total transverse OAM about a static transverse axis crossing the STOV center. Yet, STOVs carry a transverse OAM about a moving transverse axis crossing the STOV center permanently, which is identified with the intrinsic OAM, and an opposite extrinsic transverse OAM about the fixed axis. These results raise questions about the interpretation of second-harmonic and high-harmonic experiments or simulations with STOVs, and the capability of STOVs to transmit OAM to particles. Other advances such as observation of vortex splitting and topological charge flipping of high-order STOVs in free space and in dispersive media, and the transverse torque exerted by optical elements will be discussed.
Metaoptics for the spin-controlled generation of orbital angular momentum vector beams
Andrea Vogliardi1,2, Gianluca Ruffato1,2, Daniele Bonaldo1,2, Simone Dal Zilio3, Filippo Romanato1,2,3
1Department of Physics and Astronomy ‘G. Galilei’, University of Padova, Padova (PD,Italy; 2Padua Quantum Technologies Research Center, University of Padova, Padova (PD), Italy; 3CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Trieste (TS), Italy
Moving from diffractive optics to metalenses, novel tools for structuring light are provided for the integration in compact optical layouts. Here we propose new metaoptics designed for light shaping into structured beams implementing on-demand vectorial configurations. Different optical layouts are achieved in order to generate orbital angular momentum (OAM) vector beams with different shape and peculiarities.
Trajectory analysis of phase effects associated with truncated Airy beams
Angel S. Sanz, Rosario Martínez-Herrero
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
Airy wave packets constitute a very peculiar type of structured light: during their propagation, their transverse profile undergoes a self-accelerating displacement while it remains shape invariant. They are thus the only non-dispersive beam-type solution to the Helmholtz paraxial equation in free space. Such properties are possible by virtue of their infinite power content. However, experimentally, Airy beams can only be reproduced in an approximate manner, with a limited extension and hence a finite power content. To this end, different cutoff procedures have been reported in the literature, based on a convenient tuning of the transmission properties of aperture functions. In this Communication, we present and discuss our latest advances in the analysis of the effects that convolving an Airy beam with different aperture functions have on their propagation properties. More specifically, we make use of a trajectory-based methodology, which allows us to analyze and explain the beam propagation in terms of trajectories directly connected with the beam local phase variations.
